The harmattan season, with its dry and dusty winds, often brings several health issues. Here’s a breakdown of five common illnesses during harmattan and tips to avoid them:
1. Respiratory Infections Harmattan’s dry, dusty air increases respiratory problems like asthma, bronchitis, and pneumonia. Fine dust particles irritate the respiratory system, causing coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.
Prevention Tips:
- Use face masks outdoors to filter out dust.
- Keep windows closed to prevent dust from entering your home.
- Use humidifiers or place bowls of water to maintain indoor humidity.
- Stay hydrated to keep your respiratory tract moist.
2. Cold and Flu The fluctuating temperatures during harmattan weaken the immune system, making people vulnerable to colds and the flu. Symptoms include sneezing, fever, and body aches.
Prevention Tips:
- Dress in layers to stay warm in the mornings and evenings.
- Wash hands frequently to reduce germ spread.
- Boost your immune system with a diet rich in fruits and vegetables.
3. Dry Skin and Cracked Lips Harmattan’s dry air can lead to dry skin and cracked lips, which may become painful and prone to infection.
Prevention Tips:
- Regularly apply moisturizing lotions and lip balm.
- Avoid hot showers that strip natural oils from your skin.
- Drink plenty of water to keep your skin hydrated from within.
4. Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Dusty winds during harmattan can irritate the eyes, leading to conjunctivitis (pink eye). This condition causes redness, itching, and watery eyes and is highly contagious.
Prevention Tips:
- Wear protective glasses or goggles when outdoors.
- Avoid rubbing your eyes with unwashed hands.
- Use lubricating eye drops to keep your eyes moist.
5. Sickle Cell Crisis People with sickle cell anemia are more susceptible to crises during harmattan due to dehydration and exposure to cold weather, which can trigger severe pain and complications.
Prevention Tips:
- Dress warmly to protect from cold temperatures.
- Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated.
- Follow prescribed medications and attend regular check-ups.
While harmattan can pose health challenges, these illnesses can be managed or avoided by taking the proper precautions. Stay proactive by staying hydrated, dressing appropriately, and maintaining hygiene to enjoy the season safely.
